钢板弹簧是一种比较特殊的弹簧。鉴于这些优点,商用货车、农用车辆以及一些特种车辆仍在使用板簧。板簧在研究过程中主要采用三段梁法、Beam梁法,有限元模态法。离散Beam梁法采用无质量的柔性梁把离散刚体连接起来,Beam梁参数根据钢板弹簧界面形状与材料参数得出各片簧之间的接触。离散梁法建立的钢板弹簧与实际板簧模型接近,其精度较高,计算经济性好,综合特性优良。图2-1板簧模型学习目标 板簧工具箱介绍。......
2023-09-17
•启动ADAMS/CAR;
•单击FILE > NEW命令,弹出建模对话框,如图16-2所示;
•Template Name:my_cab_zhudong;
•Major Role:cab;
•单击OK,完成驾驶室模板建立。
图16-2 驾驶模板
•单击Build > Hardpoind > New命令,弹出创建硬点对话框,如图16-3所示;
•Hardpoint Name:cab_center;
•Type:single;
•Location:1 900.0,0.0,1 900.0;
•单击OK,完成._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hps_cab_center硬点的创建;
•重复上述步骤,完成如表16-1所示硬点参数的创建,创建过程中请注意左右对称的情况,具体请参考已经建立好的驾驶室模型,该模型存储于章节文件中;
表16-1 驾驶室硬点参数
图16-3 驾驶室硬点
(1)驾驶室质心部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令,弹出创建对话框,如图16-4所示;
图16-4 驾驶室简化质心部件
•General Part:cab;
•Type:single;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference:._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hps_cab_center;
•Location:0,0,0;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:786;
•Ixx:9.38E+008;
•Iyy:7.07E+008;
•Izz:8.18E+008;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.ges_cab创建。
•单击Build > Geometry > Ellipsoid > New命令如图16-5所示;
图16-5 球形几何体
•Ellipsoid Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:cab;
•Coordinate Reference:._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hps_cab_center;
•Method:by entering size;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.ges_cab;
•X Radius(半径):15;
•Y Radius(半径):15;
•Z Radius(半径):15;
•Color(杆件几何体颜色):red;
•不勾选:Calculate Mass Properties of General Part;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击OK,完成驾驶室几何体cab的创建。
(2)后避震器上连接处部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示;
•General Part:r_damper_up;
•Type:left;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference:._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_up;
•Location:0,0,0;
•Location in:local;
•Orientation Dependency:Orient axis along line;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_down;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_up;
•Axis:Z;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.gel_r_damper_up创建。
(3)后避震器下连接处部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示;
•General Part:r_damper_down;
•Type:left;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference:._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_down;
•Location:0,0,0 ;
•Location in:local;
•Orientation Dependency:Orient axis along line;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_down;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_up;
•Axis:Z;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.gel_r_damper_down创建。
(4)前避震器上连接处部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示。
•General Part:f_damper_up;
•Type:left;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference:._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_f_damper_up;
•Location:0,0,0 ;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.gel_f_damper_up创建。
(5)前避震器下连接处部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示;
•General Part:f_damper_down;
•Type:left;
•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
•Coordinate Reference:._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_f_damper_down;
•Location:0,0,0 ;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.gel_f_damper_down创建。
(6)驾驶室前上支架部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示;
•General Part:zhijia_UP;
•Type:left;
•Location Dependency:Centered between coordinates;
•Centered between:Two coordinates;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_fzb_rear;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_zhijia_up_front;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_UP创建。
(7)驾驶室前上支架几何体。
•单击Build > Geometry > Link > New命令,弹出创建连杆对话框,如图16-6所示;
图16-6 连杆几何体_zhijia1
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia1;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_UP;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_fzb_rear;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_zhijia_up_front;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:yellow;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part复选框,当几何建立好之后会更新对应部件的质量和惯量参数;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击Apply,完成._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_UP.gralin_zhijia1几何体的创建;
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia2;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_UP;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_zhijia_up_front;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_b4;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:yellow;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part复选框;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击Apply,完成._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_UP.gralin_zhijia_2几何体的创建。
(8)驾驶室前下支架部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示;
•General Part:zhijia_DOWN;
•Type:left;
•Location Dependency:Centered between coordinates;
•Centered between:Two coordinates;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_fzb_front;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_zhijia_down;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_DOWN创建。
(9)驾驶室前下支架几何体。
•单击Build > Geometry > Link > New命令,弹出创建连杆对话框参考如图16-6所示;
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia_A;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_DOWN;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_fzb_front;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_zhijia_down;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:skyblue;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part复选框,当几何建立好之后会更新对应部件的质量和惯量参数;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击OK,完成._my_cab_zhudong.gel_zhijia_DOWN.gralin_zhijia_A几何体的创建。
(10)驾驶室后下支架部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示;
•General Part:r_zhijia_dowen;
•Type:single;
•Location Dependency:Centered between coordinates;
•Centered between:Four coordinates;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_down;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpr_r_damper_down;
•Coordinate Reference #3(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpr_b2;
•Coordinate Reference #4(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_b2;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.ges_r_zhijia_dowen创建。
(11)驾驶室后下支架几何体。
•单击Build > Geometry > Link > New命令,弹出创建连杆对话框参考如图16-6所示。
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia_a;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.ges_r_zhijia_dowen;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_down;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpr_r_damper_down;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:green;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击Apply,完成._my_cab_zhudong.ges_r_zhijia_dowen.gralin_zhijia_a几何体的创建;
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia_b;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.ges_r_zhijia_dowen;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_b2;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_b3;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:green;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击Apply,完成._my_cab_zhudong.ges_r_zhijia_dowen.gralin_zhijia_b几何体的创建;
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia_c;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.ges_r_zhijia_dowen;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpr_b2;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpr_b3;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:green;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击OK,完成._my_cab_zhudong.ges_r_zhijia_dowen.gralin_zhijia_c几何体的创建。
(12)驾驶室后上支架部件。
•单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令参考如图16-4所示;
•General Part:r_zhijia_up;
•Type:left;
•Location Dependency:Centered between coordinates;
•Centered between:Two coordinates;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_b2;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_up;
•Orientation Dependency:User-entered values;
•Orient using:Euler Angles;
•Euler Angles:0,0,0;
•Mass:1;
•Ixx:1;
•Iyy:1;
•Izz:1;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:.materials.steel;
•单击OK,完成部件._my_cab_zhudong.gel_r_zhijia_up创建。
(13)驾驶室后上支架几何体。
•单击Build > Geometry > Link > New命令,弹出创建连杆对话框参考如图16-6所示;
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia_a;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.gel_r_zhijia_up;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_b2;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_up;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:red;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击Apply,完成._my_cab_zhudong.gel_r_zhijia_up.gralin_zhijia_a几何体的创建;
•Link Name(连杆名称)输入几何名称:zhijia_b;
•General Part输入._my_cab_zhudong.gel_r_zhijia_up;
•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_r_damper_up;
•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hpl_b1;
•Radius(半径):15;
•Color:red;
•选择Calculate Mass Properties of General Part;
•Density:Material;
•Material Type:steel;
•单击OK,完成._my_cab_zhudong.gel_r_zhijia_up.gralin_zhijia_b几何体的创建。
(14)安装部件cab_to_body。
•单击Build > Part > Mount > New命令,弹出创建部件对话框,如图16-7所示;
图16-7 安装部件
•Mount name(安装件名称):cab_to_body;
•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_cab_zhudong.ground.hps_cab_center;
•安装件此特征选择:inherit(继承特性);
•单击OK,完成._my_cab_zhudong.mts_cab_to_body安装部件的创建。
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