首页 理论教育ADAMS车辆工程案例:货车前桥转向悬架系统

ADAMS车辆工程案例:货车前桥转向悬架系统

【摘要】:前转向悬架总成建模思路如下。重新添加完约束后的模型如图13-5所示。图13-5前转向悬架系统添加约束过程如下。单击Build > Attachments > Joint > New命令,弹出创约束件对话框如图13-6所示;图13-6revolute约束Joint Name:p1;I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.nrl_1_beam1;J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.mts_leafspring_to_body;Joint Type:revolute;Active(激活):kinematic mode;Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;Coordinate Reference:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p1;Location:0,0,0;Location in:local;Orientation Dependency:Delta orientation from coordinate;Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_p1;单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jklrev_p1的创建。部件nrl_15_beam1与安装件leafspring_to_body 之间revolute约束。

前转向悬架总成建模思路如下。

① 准备好白板簧模型,板簧与安装部件mts_leafspring_to_body之间的刚性与柔性约束全部删除掉;

② 准备好白前桥悬架模型,删除所有约束;

③ 切换到通用ADAMS/VIEW界面进行模型合并。

注:理论上不用删除约束或者删除部分约束模型可以直接进行合并,但由于模型中可能存在重复约束行为,因此在合并过程中软件有可能提示合并之前必须删除相关重复约束。为了保证模型的准确及精确性,将模型删除相关全部刚性及柔性约束(不包含板簧簧片之间的接触与点面约束行为),模型合并后再重新建立约束,此过程虽较为烦琐,但可以保证模型的准确及正确性。

•在ADAMS/CAR专家界面同时打开_my_leaf_4_only.tpl与_my_truck_steer_sus_white.tpl两个模型;

•单击Tools > Adams/View Interface命令,切换到View通用界面;

•单击Tools > Merge Two Models命令,弹出合并模型界面,如图13-4所示;

图13-4 合并模型界面

•Base Model Name:._my_leaf_2_only;

•Model to be merged:.my_truck_steer_sus_white;基本模型与被合并模型存在主次之分,顺序不能乱,主要原因在于两片白板簧模型存在K、C模式,如果更改合并顺序,在合并之后的新模型上会导致K、C模式不能正常切换,只会有一种运动模式存在;

•Translate:0.0,0.0,0.0;被合并模型需要移动的距离,建议模型在被合并之前先通过ADAMS/CAR专家界面下的Shift命令把部件移动到合并之后的新位置,然后再进行合并,这是此处可以保持默认为0的设置;

•Rotation:0.0,0.0,0.0;

•选择Rename,对于重复的部件名称软件自动重新命名;

•勾选Merge ground parts,两个模型都存在大地部件,合并为一个大地部件。

•单击OK,模型合并完成,合并过程中软件并没有弹出界面提示可能存在的问题,说明合并之后的新模型正确。重新添加完约束后的模型如图13-5所示。

图13-5 前转向悬架系统

添加约束过程如下。

•单击Tools > Select Mode > Switch To A/Car Template Biulder命令,切换到ADAMS/CAR专家界面;

•单击File > Save as命令,另存为文件:_my_truck_sus_front_DX.tpl;

(1)部件nrl_1_beam1与安装件leafspring_to_body之间revolute约束。

•单击Build > Attachments > Joint > New命令,弹出创约束件对话框如图13-6所示;

图13-6 revolute约束

•Joint Name(约束副名称):p1;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.nrl_1_beam1;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.mts_leafspring_to_body;

•Joint Type:revolute;

•Active(激活):kinematic mode(运动学模式);

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p1;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•Orientation Dependency:Delta orientation from coordinate;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_p1;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jklrev_p1的创建。

(2)部件nrl_15_beam1与安装件leafspring_to_body 之间revolute约束。

•Joint Name(约束副名称):p15;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.nrl_15_beam1;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_shackle;

•Joint Type:revolute;

•Active(激活):kinematic mode(运动学模式);

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p15;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•Orientation Dependency:Delta orientation from coordinate;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.cfl_p15;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jklrev_p15的创建。

(3)部件shackle与安装件leafspring_to_body之间revolute约束。

•Joint Name(约束副名称):p16;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_shackle;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.mts_leafspring_to_body;

•Joint Type:revolute;

•Active(激活):kinematic mode(运动学模式);

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p16;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•Orientation Dependency:Delta orientation from coordinate;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_p16;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jklrev_p16的创建。

(4)部件rear_axle与nrl_7_beam2之间fixed约束。

•Joint Name(约束副名称):axle;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ges_rear_axle;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.nrl_7_beam2;

•Joint Type:fixed;

•Active(激活):always;

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_a8;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jolfix_axle的创建。

(5)部件spindle与upright之间revolute约束。

•Joint Name(约束副名称):hub;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_spindle;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_upright;

•Joint Type:revolute;

•Active(激活):always;

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_wheel_center;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•Orientation Dependency:Delta orientation from coordinate;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_wheel_center;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jolrev_hub的创建。

(6)部件rear_axle与upright之间revolute约束。

•Joint Name(约束副名称):upright_to_axle;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_upright;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ges_rear_axle;

•Joint Type:revolute;

•Active(激活):always;

•Centered between:Two Coordinates;

•Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p0;

•Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_upper_kingpin_axis;

•Orientation Dependency:Orient axis to point;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_upper_kingpin_axis;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jolrev_upright_to_axle的创建。

(7)部件tie_rod与upright之间spherical约束。

•Joint Name(约束副名称):tie_rod_to_upright;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ges_tie_rod;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_upright;

•Joint Type:spherical;

•Active(激活):always;

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_tie_rod_arm;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.jolsph_tie_rod_to_upright的创建。

(8)部件tie_rod与upright之间perpendicular约束。

•Joint Name(约束副名称):tie_rod_ori;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ges_tie_rod;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_upright;

•Joint Type:perpendicular;

•Active(激活):always;

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_tie_rod_arm;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•I-Part Axis:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpr_tie_rod_arm;

•J-Part Axis:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfs_axle_center;

•单击Apply,完成约束副._my_truck_sus_front_DX.josper_tie_rod_ori的创建。

(9)部件nrl_1_beam1与leafspring_to_body之间bushing约束。

•单击Build > Attachments > Bushing > New命令,弹出创衬套件对话框;

•Bushing Name(约束副名称):p1;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.nrl_1_beam1;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.mts_leafspring_to_body;

•Inactive(抑制):kinematic mode(运动学模式);

•Preload:0,0,0;

•Tpreload:0,0,0;

•Offset:0,0,0;

•Roffset:0,0,0;

•Geometry Length:100;

•Geometry Radius:50;

•Property File:mdids://acar_shared/bushings.tbl/mdi_0001.bus;

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p1;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•Orientation Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_p1;

•Orientation:0,0,0;

•单击Apply,完成轴套._my_truck_sus_front_DX.bkl_p1的创建。

(10)部件nrl_15_beam1与shackle之间bushing约束。

•Bushing Name(约束副名称):p15;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.nrl_1_beam1;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_shackle;

•Inactive(抑制):kinematic mode(运动学模式);

•Preload:0,0,0;

•Tpreload:0,0,0;

•Offset:0,0,0;

•Roffset:0,0,0;

•Geometry Length:100;

•Geometry Radius:50;

•Property File:mdids://acar_shared/bushings.tbl/mdi_0001.bus;

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p15;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•Orientation Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_p15;

•Orientation:0,0,0;

•单击Apply,完成轴套._my_truck_sus_front_DX.bkl_p15的创建。

(11)部件leafspring_to_body与shackle之间bushing约束。

•Bushing Name(约束副名称):p15;

•I Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.mts_leafspring_to_body;

•J Part:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.gel_shackle

•Inactive(抑制):kinematic mode(运动学模式);

•Preload:0,0,0;

•Tpreload:0,0,0;

•Offset:0,0,0;

•Roffset:0,0,0;

•Geometry Length:100;

•Geometry Radius:50;

•Property File:mdids://acar_shared/bushings.tbl/mdi_0001.bus;

•Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.hpl_p16;

•Location:0,0,0;

•Location in:local;

•Orientation Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;

•Construction Frame:._my_truck_sus_front_DX.ground.cfl_p16;

•Orientation:0,0,0;

•单击OK,完成轴套._my_truck_sus_front_DX.bkl_p16的创建。