克什米尔蓝宝石：内含物特征、颜色和稀有性

2023-08-18 理论教育版权反馈

【摘要】：Kashmir克什米尔蓝宝石的内含物特征：·微粒状内含物·电气石·角闪石·云母·锆石·斜长石克什米尔蓝宝石克什米尔蓝宝石的颜色为一种中深度至中暗深度色调的靛蓝色，如同矢车菊的颜色，被认为是蓝宝石最珍贵的品种。真正出自克什米尔地区的矢车菊蓝蓝宝石极为罕见。斯里兰卡也是彩色蓝宝石最大的供应地。拉特纳普勒为Sabaragainuwa Province的首府，是该地区闻名全球的宝石城。皇家蓝蓝宝石也不例外。

Kashmir

克什米尔蓝宝石的内含物特征：

·微粒状内含物

·电气石

·角闪石

·云母

·锆石

·斜长石

克什米尔蓝宝石(Kashmir Sapphire)

克什米尔蓝宝石的颜色为一种中深度至中暗深度色调的靛蓝色，如同矢车菊的颜色，被认为是蓝宝石最珍贵的品种。

但矿源从1879年被发现后10年就绝迹了。真正出自克什米尔地区的矢车菊蓝蓝宝石极为罕见。其晶体常带有丝状流体和雪片状内含物，朦胧地漫射出天鹅绒般浓浓的微紫蓝色，十分雄伟。

Sapphires from Kashmir Region are typically violet-blue, varying from medium to medium-dark in tone. This color, described as cornflower blue,is the most highly desired coloring for blue sapphires. Kashmir sapphires are also known for their “dreamy” or “velvet” texture, which is caused by unique inclusions. A mere ten years after sapphires were discovered in Kashmir Region in 1870, the Indian government announced that the supply was in decline. Today, Kashmir sapphires are the rarest and most expensive sapphires on the market.

·矢车菊

·克什米尔蓝宝石中的丝状流体和片状内含物

斯里兰卡蓝宝石(Sri Lanka Sapphire)

斯里兰卡是当今世界上出产优质蓝宝石的重要产地之一。坐落在印度洋上的梨形小岛，长435千米，宽161千米，出产丰富的包括蓝宝石、红宝石在内的70多种宝石。

斯里兰卡蓝宝石以晶体透亮、颜色深浅适度、色彩柔和的特征闻名于世，深受宝石市场的追捧。斯里兰卡也是彩色蓝宝石最大的供应地。斯里兰卡蓝宝石的颜色十分丰富，有浅蓝色、深蓝色、皇家蓝色，有浅粉红色、粉红色、紫粉红色，也有浅黄色、橙黄色、金黄色，还有变色的品种以及其他各种颜色。另外有一种被冠名“帕帕拉恰”的橙粉红色蓝宝石，是斯里兰卡非常独特的蓝宝石品种，十分珍贵。

Sapphires from Myanmar and Sri Lanka are considered as having the finest color. Sri Lankan sapphires are typically light to medium blue and have included cut stones that weigh up to several hundred carats.

The majority of fancy colored sapphires are from Sri Lanka. Yellow, golden, purple and pink sapphires are the most common sapphires seen in the jewelry trade. However, the rarest and most expensive stone is the pinkish-orange variety known as padparadscha, named for a lotus flower whose color it resembles.

·2014年5月，本书作者沈雄（右一）受斯里兰卡总理府邀请，随团考察斯里兰卡宝石行业

(Ratnapura)拉特纳普勒宝石城

斯里兰卡盛产各色蓝宝石，有注册的大小宝石矿井9500多个，大多集中在距离首都科伦坡东南部100多千米的Sabaragainuwa Province。

拉特纳普勒为Sabaragainuwa Province的首府，是该地区闻名全球的宝石城。那里集中了主要的宝石矿藏资源，形成了开采、生产加工和交易的主要基地。宝石城(City Of Gems)的名字至今已经延续了200多年。

皇家蓝蓝宝石(Royal Blue Sapphire)

人们以英国皇室传统的蓝色来形容高品质的蓝宝石，称“皇家蓝蓝宝石”。皇家蓝蓝宝石是指颜色在中等深度以上，色泽浓郁、颜色纯正亮丽、颜色饱和度达到艳彩(vivid blue)的蓝色蓝宝石。

蓝宝石具有很强的二色性，琢磨成品的宝石桌面不免都会出现暗域，而且颜色越深，暗域越明显。皇家蓝蓝宝石也不例外。如果暗域太大会影响宝石的火彩，降低宝石的等级。因此，切工好坏与火彩的强弱有很大关联。不同光源对蓝宝石的颜色也会发生影响。

·拉特纳普勒宝石市场

Sri Lanka has over 9,500 registered gemstone mines of varying sizes, most of them located in Sabaragamuwa Province 100 kilometers southeast from the capital of Colombo. The capital of Sabaragamuwa Province, a city known as Ratnapura, is the Sri Lankan hotspot for gemstone mining, processing, and tradeing.The name Ratnapura, Sanskrit for “City of Gems”, dates back to more than two hundred years.

斯里兰卡政府规定，开采宝石只能人工挖掘，不允许动用重型机械，因此传统的挖掘技术和方法袭传至今。先将矿井中的泥沙挖出，然后用竹罗盘将挖出的淤泥洗净，最后在洗净的砂砾中寻找宝石原石。

Traditional mining tools include shovels, picks, and bamboo pans. Miners extract soil from the mine to wash in pans. Gemstones, which are heavier than most other stones, will remain at the bottom of the pan while the dirt is washed away.

拉特纳普勒广布众多的宝石矿井，都以传统的手工方式挖掘开采宝石。宝石矿井平均深度为10～50米。通常雨季时矿井被雨水淹没，旱季时将水抽干后开工挖掘。

There are numerous gem mines in this area, especially in paddy fields with lower elevation. The mines are generally 10 to 50 meters deep.

·探访斯里兰卡拉特纳普勒宝石城蓝宝石矿

克什米尔蓝宝石：内含物特征、颜色和稀有性

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