观赏植物-落叶灌木，特点与栽培技巧简介

【形态】：常绿或半常绿直立灌木。树干青绿色，老枝灰褐色，上有弯曲皮刺，也有几乎无刺的。羽状复叶，小叶3～7枚，广卵圆形至卵状椭圆形，有锯齿，叶片光滑无毛；托叶与叶柄合生，全缘或具腺齿，顶端分离为耳状。花单生或成伞房花序、圆锥花序；花瓣5或重瓣，单色或复色，不少品种具浓郁的香味。果实近球形，成熟时为橙红色。花期5～11月，果熟9～11月。

【变种】：

(1)月月红(紫月季)var.semperf10rens(Curtis)Koehne，茎较纤细，常带紫红晕，有刺或近无刺。小叶较薄，带紫晕。花为单生，紫色或深粉红色，花梗细长而下垂。品种有铁瓣红、大红月季等。

(2)绿月季var.viridif10ra(Lav.)Dipp，花淡绿色，花瓣呈带锯齿的狭绿叶状。

(3)小花月季var.minima Voss，植株矮小多分枝，高一般不超过625px。叶小而窄。花也较小，直径约75px，玫瑰红色，重瓣或单瓣，宜作盆栽盆景材料。

(4)变色月季f.mutabilis Rehd，花单瓣，初开时浅黄色，继变橙红、红色。另外，还有香水、藤本、微型、丰花、壮花等栽培品种。

【分布】：原产湖北、四川、云南、湖南、江苏、广东等省，现除高寒地区外世界各地均有栽培。

【习性】：适应性强，耐寒耐旱，对土壤要求不严，但以富含有机质、排水良好的微带酸性砂壤土最好。喜光，但过多强光直射又对花蕾发育不利，花瓣易焦枯。喜温暖、空气流动的环境。生长最适温度白天15～26。C，夜间10～15。C。有连续开花的特性。能吸收硫化氢、氟化氢、苯、苯酚等有害气体，同时对二氧化硫、二氧化氮等有较强的抵抗能力。

【繁殖】：多用扦插或嫁接法繁殖。还可用分株及播种法繁殖。

【用途】：月季花色艳丽，花期长，是我国重要花卉之一。是花坛、花境、花带、花篱栽植的优良材料。在草坪、园路、角隅、庭园、假山等处配植也很合适，又可作盆栽及切花用，还可作专类园。

Rosa chinensis (Chinese: 月季, pinyin: yuèjì), known commonly as the China rose or Chinese rose, is a member of the genus Rosa native to Southwest China inGuizhou, Hubei, and Sichuan Provinces. The species is extensively cultivated as an ornamental plant, originally in China, and numerous cultivars have been selected which are known as the China roses. It has also been extensively interbred with Rosa gigantea to produce Rosa × odorata, and by further hybridization the tea roses and hybrid tea roses.

It is a shrub growing to 1–2 m tall. The leaves are pinnate, have 3-5 leaflets, each leaflet 2.5–6 cm long and 1–3 cm broad. In the wild species (sometimes listed asRosa chinensis var. spontanea), the flowers have five pink to red petals. The fruit is a red hip 1–2 cm diameter.

【形态】落叶灌木，高2～3m。小枝常通红褐色，有沟槽；刺通常不分又。叶倒卵形或匙形，长0.5～50px，先端钝，基部急狭，全缘，表面暗绿色，背面灰绿色。花浅黄色，l～5朵成簇生状伞形花序。浆果椭圆形，长约25px，熟时亮红色。花期5月，果9月成熟。

【变种】紫叶小檗f.atropureaRehd.，叶深紫色或红色，幼枝紫红色。

【分布】原产中国及日本，各大城市有栽培。

【习性】喜光，稍耐阴，耐寒，对土壤要求不严，在肥沃而排水良好的砂质壤土上生长最好。萌芽力强，耐修剪。

【繁殖】分株、播种或扦插繁殖。

【用途】枝细密而有刺，春季开小黄花，入秋叶色变红，果熟后红艳美丽。是良好的观果、观叶和绿篱材料，也可制作盆景。

Berberis thunbergii (Japanese barberry,Thunberg's barberry, or red barberry) is a species of Berberis, native to Japan and eastern Asia, though widely naturalized in China and in North America.

It is a dense, deciduous, spiny shrub which grows 0.6 to 2.5 m (2 to 8 ft) high. It has deeply grooved, brown, spiny branches with a single (occasionally tridentine) spine (actually a highly modified leaf) at each shoot node. The leaves are green to blue-green (reddish or purple in some horticultural variants), very small, spatula tooval shaped, 12–24 mm long and 3–15 mm broad; they are produced in clusters of 2-6 on a dwarf shoot in the axil of each spine. The flowers are pale yellow, 5–8 mm diameter, produced in drooping 1-1.5 cm long umbrella-shaped clusters of 2–5; flowering is from mid spring to early summer. The edible fruit is a glossy bright red to orange-red, ovoid berry 7–10 mm long and 4–7 mm broad, containing a single seed. They mature during late summer and fall and persist through the winter.

【形态】落叶或半常绿匐匍灌木，株高不足2500px。枝条水平开张成整齐两列，呈人字形生长，节位不生根。叶近圆形至倒卵形，厚革质，全缘，表面暗绿色，有光泽，人秋后逐渐变为红色。花小，无柄，粉红色，单生或2朵并生，近无梗。果实近球形，鲜红色。花期5～6月，果期9～10月。。

【分布】中国特产。原产于我国的四川、云南、贵州、湖南、湖北和秦岭一带。

【习性】喜光耐半阴，较耐寒，亦较耐干旱。对土壤要求不严。

【繁殖】扦插及播种繁殖为主，也可秋季压条、分株。

【用途】平枝栒子枝叶横展，叶小而稠密，花密集枝头，晚秋时叶色红色，远看似一团火球；红果累累，终冬不落，雪天观赏，别有情趣。和假山叠石相伴，在草坪旁、溪水畔点缀，相互映衬，景观绮丽。是布置岩石园、庭院、绿地和墙沿、角隅的优良材料。也可用作绿篱，制作盆景。

Cotoneaster horizontalis is a species of flowering plant in the genus Cotoneaster of the family Rosaceae, native to western China. It is a short shrub with a spreading habit, growing to 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) tall by 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) wide. It is cultivated for its flat, symmetrical sprays of glossy green, deciduousleaves and masses of bright red berries (pomes) in autumn, persisting into winter. The flowers appear in summer, and can range from pink to white. It is commonly grown in parks and gardens in temperate regions as hedging or groundcover.

C. horizontalis has naturalised in parts of the United Kingdom, and may be becoming invasive.

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

【形态】落叶或半常绿灌木。叶色金黄，单叶对生，叶薄革质，常椭圆形，端锐尖或钝，基部圆形或阔楔形。圆锥花序，花梗明显，裂片镊合状排列，花冠筒比花冠裂片短，花白色。核果阔椭圆形，紫黑色。花期6月，果期10月。

【分布】金叶女贞是由加州金边女贞与欧洲女贞杂交育成的。

【习性】性喜光，喜温暖，耐阴性较差，耐寒力中等，适应性强，对土壤要求不严，萌芽力强。对二氧化硫、氯气抗性较强。

【繁殖】多采用无性繁殖方式进行繁殖，于5～7月进行。

【用途】金叶女贞叶色金黄，尤其在春秋两季色泽更加璀璨亮丽。大量应用在园林绿化中，主要用来组成案和建造绿篱。

【形态】：半常绿灌木。小枝开展，短柔毛疏生后脱落。叶薄革质，椭圆形或倒卵状长圆形，变化较大，长1.5～125px，先端尖、钝或略呈凹头，基部楔形，全缘略反卷，两面无毛；叶柄长2～4mm，有短柔毛或无毛。顶生圆锥花序，长7～500px，有短柔毛，苞片叶状，向上渐小；花白色，芳香，有短花梗或无梗，花萼钟形4裂；花冠4裂，裂片与花冠筒近等长；雄蕊2外露。核果近球形，径4～175px，熟时紫黑色。花期7～8月，果期1o～11月。蓇葖

【分布】产中国中部、东部和西南部，分布于陕西、河南、江苏、安徽、浙江、湖北、四川、贵州、云南、西藏等省区。

【习性】喜光，稍耐阴；较耐寒，北京可露地栽植。对二氧化硫、氯气、氟化氢、氯化氢、二氧化碳等有毒气体抗性均强。性强健，萌枝力强，叶再生能力强，耐修剪。

【繁殖】播种、扦插繁殖。

【用途】园林中主要作绿篱栽植；其枝叶紧密、圆整，庭园中常栽植观赏；抗多种有毒气体，是优良的抗污染树种。叶及树皮可药用，治烫伤，并有清热解毒的功效。抗二氧化硫性能较强，可作工矿区绿化树种。

Ligustrum quihoui (waxyleaf privet, 小叶女贞 xiao ye nu zhen) is a shrub native to Korea and China (Anhui, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong,Sichuan, Xizang (Tibet), Yunnan, Zhejiang).[1] As with some other members of the genus, L. quihoui is cultivated as an ornamental in many places and has become naturalized and invasive in urban areas and scattered forested locales of the southeastern United States (Texas, Oklahoma, Alabama, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland).

Ligustrum quihoui is a shrubby, semi-evergreen to evergreen privet, one to three meters high. It is noted for its large sparse flowering panicles of scented white flowers, borne late in the growing season, for which it is sometimes grown in gardens.

【形态】半常绿灌木或小乔木，小枝开展，密生短柔毛。叶薄革质椭圆形，长2～175px，宽1～75px，基阔楔形或圆形，叶背、叶柄有短柔毛，特别是背面沿中脉有短柔毛，侧脉近叶缘处连结；叶柄长5mm。圆锥花序长4～250px，顶生或腋生，花序轴有短柔毛；花白色，芳香，花梗细而明显，花冠4裂，裂片长圆形长于筒部；花萼钟形无毛，先端截形或呈浅波状齿；雄蕊2外露。核果近球形，径150px，熟时黑色。花期4～5月，果期9～12月。

【变种】红药小蜡var.mu1tif1orum Bean.与原种的主要区别是花药红色。济南、泰安、青岛有栽培。

【分布】国内分布于长江以南各省区。

【习性】喜光，稍耐荫；较耐寒，北京小气候良好地区能露地栽植。抗二氧化硫等多种有毒气体。耐修剪。

【繁殖】播种、扦插繁殖。

【用途】常植于庭园观赏，丛植林缘、池边、石旁都可；规则式园林中常可修剪成长、方、圆等几何形体；也常栽植于工矿区；其干老根古，虬曲多姿，宜作树桩盆景；江南常作绿篱应用。嫩叶代茶；茎皮可制人造棉；果可酿酒；树皮和叶药用，有清热降火等功效。

Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet; syn. L. villosum; in Mandarin: 杻; pinyin: chǒu) is a species of privet native to China, Taiwan and Vietnam.[2] It is also naturalized in Réunion, the Andaman Islands, Norfolk Island, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panamá and much of the eastern and southern United States (from Texas and Florida north to Kansas, Illinois, New Jersey, Massachusetts and Connecticut). Ligustrum lucidum is sometimes also called "Chinese privet".

Ligustrum sinense is an deciduous shrub growing to 2–7 m tall, with densely hairy shoots. The leaves are opposite, 2–7 cm long and 1–3 cm broad, rarely larger, with an entire margin and a 2–8 mm petiole. The flowers are white, with a four-lobed corolla 3.5–5.5 mm long. The fruit is subglobose, 5–8 mm diameter.

The following varieties are accepted by the Flora of China.

【形态】落叶灌木，高1～2m。枝多而粗壮，2回羽状复叶；顶生小叶倒卵形，长4.5～200px，3裂至中部；侧生小叶狭卵形，2～3浅裂或不裂；叶背有白粉，平滑无毛。花大，单生于枝顶，直径～750px，单瓣或重瓣，花型有多种，花色丰富；雄蕊多数；心皮5枚，有毛，其周围为花托所包。果长圆形，密生黄褐色硬毛。花期4～5月，果期9月。。牡丹花型花色丰富，品种繁多，已达500多个，以花型为主分为单瓣类、半重瓣类、重瓣类3类11个花型。以河南洛阳、山东荷泽的牡丹最著名，有“洛阳牡丹甲天下”之美誉。

【分布】原产我国西部及北部。全国各地均有栽培。

【习性】喜光但忌暴晒，喜温暖湿润而不酷热的气候，在弱阴下生长良好。适于肥沃的中性或微碱性土壤。

【繁殖】可用播种、分株和嫁接法繁殖。

【用途】牡丹多用于公园栽培，可孤植、丛植、片植于庭院中，或与山石配置，也可以作盆栽观赏或作切花栽培。牡丹根可入药称丹皮，有清热、凉血散瘀之功能。

Paeonia suffruticosa is a name used for a group of culture varieties of tree peonies that are the result of hybridisation with species exclusively belonging to the subsection Vaginatae. The common name used in China is 牡丹 (mu dan). Plants belonging to this group have been cultivated for millennia in China, initially only as a source of traditional Chinese medicine, particularly the skin of its roots is used as 牡丹皮 (mu dan pi). Already early on the plant was also cultivated for its ornamental value, and it is highly revered in Chinese culture.

【形态】落叶灌木或小乔木；树冠不整齐，有刺状小枝，幼枝常为四棱形。叶倒卵状长椭圆形，无毛而有光泽，在长枝上对生，在短枝上簇生。花有红、黄、白、玛瑙及红白相问等色；花萼钟形，多紫红色，肉质。果实近球形，黄红色，具宿存花萼，浆果成熟果皮裂开，种子多数，有肉质透明外种皮。花期5～7fl，果9～10月成熟。

【分布】原产于伊朗及阿富汗等中亚地区，汉代引入中国，现各地广泛栽培。

【习性】喜光，喜温暖气候，耐寒能力较强，喜肥沃、湿润而排水良好的石灰质土壤，寿命较长。

【繁殖】常采用扦插、压条、分株等法繁殖，也可播种繁殖。

【用途】石榴既是著名的果树，又是很好的庭园观赏树种，宜成丛配植，也可作零星的点缀、作绿篱栽植或盆栽观赏，其果皮、花、根均可入药。

The pomegranate, botanical name Punica granatum, is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree in the family Lythraceae that grows between 5 and 8 m (16 and 26 ft) tall.

The fruit is typically in season in the Northern Hemisphere from September to February, and in the Southern Hemisphere from March to May. As intact arils or juice, pomegranates are used in baking, cooking, juice blends, meal garnishes, smoothies, and alcoholic beverages, such as cocktails and wine.

The pomegranate originated in the region of modern-day Iran, and has been cultivated since ancient times throughout the Mediterranean region and northern India. It was introduced into Spanish America in the late 16th century and California, by Spanish settlers, in 1769.

Today, it is widely cultivated throughout the Middle East and Caucasus region, north and tropical Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Central Asia, the drier parts ofsoutheast Asia, and parts of the Mediterranean Basin. It is also cultivated in parts of Arizona and California. In recent years, it has become more common in the commercial markets of Europe and the Western Hemisphere.

【形态】高达3m；枝条开展，小枝细弱，幼时有2列柔毛。叶椭圆形或卵状椭圆形，表面疏生短柔毛，背面毛较密。花1—4朵成聚伞花序；萼裂片披针形，分裂至中部；花冠漏斗状钟形，裂片5.玫瑰红色或粉红色；柱头2裂。蒴果柱形；种子无翅。花期4～6月，果期10月?

【变种】a白花锦带花f.alba Rehd.花近白色。

h红花锦带花(红王子锦带花)“Red Prince”花鲜红色，繁密而下垂。c深粉锦带花(粉公主锦带花)“Pink Princess”花深粉红色，花期早约半个月，花繁密而色彩亮丽，整体效果好。

d紫叶锦带花“Purpurea”叶紫褐色。花紫粉色。

【分布】产东北、华北及华东北部。各地均有栽培。

【习性】喜光，耐半阴，耐寒，适应性强，耐瘠薄，以深厚、湿润、腐殖质丰富的壤土生长最好，不耐水涝。萌芽、萌蘖力强，生长快。对氯化氢等有害气体抗性强。

【繁殖】扦插、压条、分株或播种繁殖。

【用途】枝繁叶茂，花色艳丽，花期长，是东北、华北地区重要的观花灌木。宜丛植于草坪、庭园角隅、山坡、河滨、建筑物前，亦可密植为篱，或制作盆景，花枝可切花插瓶。

Weigela florida is native to N. China, Korea and Japan. It is a dense, rounded, deciduous shrub that typically grows to 6-10’ tall and may spread over time to as much as 12’ wide. Branching is somewhat coarse, and branches on mature shrubs tend to arch toward the ground. Funnel-shaped, rose pink flowers (each to 1.25” long) bloom profusely in spring, with a sparse and scattered repeat bloom often occurring in mid to late summer. Elliptic to obovate, medium green leaves (to 4.5” long) with serrate margins retain good color throughout the growing season. Insignificant fall color. Fruit is inconspicuous.

Genus name honors Count Franz Adam von Waldstein-Wartenberg (1759-1823), Austrian botanist and writer.

Specifc epithet would lead one to believe that this plants is native to Florida but it is actually native to N.China, Korea and Japan.

【形态】落叶灌木，高达2～5m；小枝髓黑褐色，后变中空，幼时被微毛。叶卵状椭圆形至卵状披针形，两面疏生柔毛，先端渐尖，基部宽楔形或圆形。花成对腋生，总花梗短于叶柄，苞片线形；相邻两花的萼筒分离；花冠唇形，下唇瓣长为花冠筒的2～3倍，白色.后变黄色，芳香。果球形，红色。花期5～6月，果期9～10月。

【变种】红花金银忍冬f.erubescens Rehd.花较大，淡红色。小苞片和幼叶带淡红色。

【分布】产于长江流域及以北地区。

【习性】喜光，耐阴，耐寒，耐旱，耐水湿，对土壤要求不严，喜湿润肥沃土壤。萌芽、萌蘖力强。

【繁殖】播种、扦插繁殖。

【用途】树势旺盛，枝叶扶疏，春夏开花，清雅芳香，秋季红果累累，晶莹可爱，是良好的观花、观果树种。可孤植、丛植于草坪、路边、林缘、建筑物周围、假山石旁等。老桩可作盆景。花可提取芳香油。全株可入药，亦是优良的蜜源植物。

Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) is a species of honeysuckle in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to temperate Asia in northern and western China (south to Yunnan),Mongolia, Japan (central and northern Honshū, rare), Korea, and southeastern Russia (Primorsky Krai).

L. maackii is listed as an endangered species in Japan. It has escaped from cultivation and become naturalized in New Zealand and the eastern United States; in theforests of the latter, it has become an important invasive species.

It is a deciduous large shrub growing to 6 m tall with stems up to 10 centimeters diameter. The leaves are oppositely arranged, 5–9 cm long and 2–4 cm broad, with an entire margin, and with at least some rough hairs on them. The flowers are produced in pairs, commonly with several pairs grouped together in clusters; they are 2 cm long, two-lipped, white later turning yellow or light orange in color; flowering is from mid spring to early summer.

Foliage and fruit in autumn

The fruit is a bright red to black semi-translucent berry 2–6 mm diameter containing numerous small seeds; they ripen in autumn, and are eaten by birds, which dispersethe seeds in their droppings. It is fast growing and favours shady habitats such as the forest understory, neglected urban areas, and fence rows. It can form extremely dense thickets.

【形态】落叶灌木或小乔木；树冠不整齐，枝干多扭曲，小枝近4棱，无毛；干皮光滑，薄片状剥落。单叶对生或近对生，椭圆形至倒卵状椭圆形，全缘。圆锥花序顶生，花鲜至淡红色，花瓣6，萼外光滑，无纵棱。蒴果近球形，6瓣裂，基部有宿存花萼。花期6～9月，果9—1 1 月成熟。

【变种】a银薇var.alba Nichols.花白色或微带淡堇色，叶色淡绿。

翠薇vat.rubra Lav.花紫堇色，叶色暗绿。

【分布】产于亚洲南部及大洋洲北部，华东、华中、华南及西南均有分布，各地普遍栽培。

【习性】喜光，稍耐阴，喜温暖湿润气候，耐寒性不强，耐旱，怕涝，喜肥沃，尤以石灰性土壤最好。萌芽力强，生长 较慢，寿命长，吸收有害气体及吸滞烟尘的能力较强。

【繁殖】可采用分蘖、扦插及播种等法繁殖。

【用途】紫薇树姿优美，树皮光滑洁净，花色艳丽，花期长，常植于建筑前、庭院内、池畔、路边及草坪等处，也可作盆栽观赏。

Lagerstroemia indica (crape myrtle, crepe myrtle, crepeflower) is a species in the genus Lagerstroemia in the family Lythraceae.

From China, Korea, Japan and Indian Subcontinent Lagerstroemia indica is an often multi-stemmed, deciduous tree with a wide spreading, flat topped, rounded, or even spike shaped open habit. Planted in full sun or under canopy, the tree is a popular nesting shrub for songbirds and wrens.

The bark is a prominent feature being smooth, pinkish-gray and mottled, shedding each year. Leaves also shed each winter, after spectacular color display, and bare branches re-leaf early in the spring; leaves are small, smooth-edged, circular or oval-shaped, and dark green changing to yellow and orange and red in autumn.

Flowers, on different trees, are white, pink, mauve, purple or carmine with crimped petals, in panicles up to 9 centimetres (3 ¹⁄₂ in).

Lagerstroemia indica is frost tolerant, prefers full sun and will grow to 6 metres (20 ft) with a spread of 6 metres (20 ft).

Many hybrid cultivars have been developed between L. indica and L. faueri

【形态】落叶灌木。枝细长拱形，直立或弯垂，绿色无毛，幼枝四棱。叶对生，小叶3，长0.5～62.5px，宽0.5～25px，卵形至长圆状卵形，缘有短睫毛，表面有基部突起的短刺毛；顶生小叶近无柄，侧生小叶无柄。花单生于2年生枝的叶腋，先叶开放，苞片小，叶状狭窄；花萼5～6裂，裂片长圆状披针形，先端急尖，与萼筒等长或较长；花冠高脚碟状，黄色，直径2～62.5px，常6裂，约为花冠筒长一半；雄蕊2枚内藏，花药长圆形，近基部背生；子房2室，花柱丝状。浆果椭圆形。通常不结果。花期2～4月。

【分布】分布于甘肃、陕西、四川、云南、西藏等省区。

【习性】性喜光，稍耐阴；较耐寒，北京可露地栽培；喜湿润，也耐干旱，怕涝；对土壤要求不严，耐碱，除洼地外均可栽植。根部萌发力很强，枝端着地部分也极易生根。

【繁殖】栽培的迎春很少结果，繁殖多用扦插、压条、分株法。

【用途】迎春植株铺散，枝条鲜绿，冬季绿枝婆婆，早春黄花可爱。宜植于池畔、路旁、山坡、窗下墙边，或作花篱、地被，观赏效果极好。也可盆栽、插瓶。花、叶、嫩枝均可入药。

Winter jasmine (Jasminum nudiflorum) is a slender, deciduous shrub native to China (Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang (Tibet), Yunnan). It is widely cultivated as an ornamental and is reportedly naturalized in France and in scattered locations in the United States (Texas, Oklahoma, Georgia, Tennessee, Maryland and New Jersey).

【形态】落叶丛生灌木。枝开展，拱形下垂，小枝黄褐色无毛，稍四棱，枝中空。单叶

对生，卵形至椭圆状卵形，长3～7(10)cm，宽1.5～100px。无毛，先端急尖，基部圆形至宽楔形，少数叶3裂或成羽状3出复叶，叶缘有粗锯齿。花单生或数朵簇生于叶腋，先叶开放；花冠黄色钟状，4裂，裂片长于花冠筒。蒴果卵圆形，长约50px，先端有长喙，基部略狭，表面散生瘤点。花期3～5月，果期7～8月。

【变种】(1)垂枝连翘var.siebo1dii Zabe1，花冠裂片较宽，扁平，微开展。

(2)三叶连翘vat.fortunei Rehd.，叶或3裂。花冠裂片窄，常扭曲。枝较细而下垂，通常可匍匐地面，而在枝稍生根。叶通常为3小

【分布】产我国北部、中部及东北各省；现各地有栽培。

【习性】喜光，有一定程度的耐阴性；耐寒；耐干旱瘠薄，怕涝；不择土壤。抗病虫害能力强。连翘有两种花，一种花的雌蕊长于雄蕊，另一种花的雄蕊长于雌蕊，两种花不在同一植株上生长。连翘有自花授粉不亲合的现象，而且不与同一类型的花受精。

【繁殖】用扦插、压条、分株、播种繁殖，以扦插为主。

【用途】连翘枝条拱形开展，早春花先叶开放，满枝金黄，艳丽可爱，是北方常见优良的早春观花灌木。宜丛植于草坪、角隅、岩石假山下、路缘、转角处，阶336连翘前、篱下及作基础种植，或作花篱等用；以常绿树作背景，与榆叶梅、绣线菊等配植，更能显出金黄夺目之色彩；大面积群植于向阳坡地、森林公园，则效果也佳。其根系发达，有护堤岸之作用。

Forsythia suspensa (Chinese: 连翘; pinyin: liánqiào, weeping forsythia or golden-bell) is a species of flowering plant in the family native to Asia. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. It contains the lignan Pinoresinol.

Characteristics

Forsythia suspensa is a large shrub. It can be grown as a weeping shrub on stream banks and can be identified by its pale flowers. Garden cultivars can be found. It is a spring flowering shrub, with yellow flowers. It is grown and prized for its toughness.(www.chuimin.cn)

【形态】高1.5m。小枝绿色，无毛，有棱。叶三角状卵形，先端渐尖，基部近圆形，边缘有重锯齿，表面鲜绿色，无毛或疏生短柔毛，背面苍白或沿叶脉、脉间有短柔毛。花金黄色，顶生于侧枝上，花柱与雄蕊等长。瘦果褐黑色。花期4～5月，果期7～8月。

【变种】重瓣棣棠花var．pleniflora花、枝、叶秀丽，花重瓣，花期4～9月。

【分布】原产中国华北至华南及日本。

【习性】喜温暖湿润和半阴环境，较耐寒，对土壤要求不严，以肥沃、疏松的砂壤土生长最好。野生者多在乔木林下。

【繁殖】分株、扦插和播种法繁殖。

【用途】枝叶翠绿细柔，金花满树，别具风姿，宜丛植于水畔、坡边、林下和假山旁；也可用于花丛、花径和花篱，群植于常绿树丛之前、古木之旁、山石缝隙之中，或池畔、水边、溪流及湖沼沿岸成片栽种；还可栽在墙隅及管道旁，有遮蔽之效。

Kerria japonica, the sole species in the genus Kerria, is a deciduous shrub in the rose family Rosaceae, native to China, Japan and Korea. It is named after William Kerr, who introduced the cultivar 'Pleniflora'. The scientific genus name is also used as a common name Kerria.

【形态】落叶灌木，高5m，其叶似榆，花如梅，故名“榆叶梅”。干枝为紫褐色或褐色，直立，粗糙剥裂，小枝细长，冬芽3枚并生。单叶互生，叶宽椭圆形或倒卵形，先端渐尖或3浅裂，基部宽楔形，边缘有不等的粗重锯齿，表面具稀毛或无毛，背面被短柔毛；托叶线状。花梗短，花单瓣、半重瓣、重瓣，粉色至浅紫红色，单生或1～2朵生于叶腋。核果红色，近球形，有毛。花期4～5月，果期7月。

【品种】常见栽培变种有重瓣榆叶梅CV.Plena，花重瓣，粉红色。其变种枝短花密，满枝缀花，故又名“鸾枝”。

【分布】原产中国北部，现今南北各地几乎都有分布。

【习性】喜光，稍耐阴；耐寒，在一35。C的条件下能安全越冬。耐轻盐碱，对土壤要求不严，以中性至微碱性而肥沃、疏松的土壤为佳。耐旱力强，不耐水涝，有较强的抗病力。

【繁殖】用播种、扦插和嫁接法繁殖。嫁接砧木多用山杏、山桃和榆叶梅实生苗。..

【用途】花繁色艳，十分绚丽，可丛植于草地、路边、池畔或庭园，与柳树搭配种植或与常绿树做背景栽植，其花色明丽突出，春色满园；也可做切花和盆栽。

Prunus triloba, sometimes called flowering plum or flowering almond, a name shared with Prunus jacquemontii, is a shrubby cherry, sometimes becoming a small tree. The flowers are pale pink or white, and the fruit are red and "pubescent", i.e. with soft hair. It originates from China.

It is most often found in cultivation in the double flowered form P. triloba 'Multiplex', which has double pink flowers. This cultivar is often sold as "Rose Tree of China", "China Rose Tree", or other variants.

【形态】落叶灌木，高达3m；枝干丛生，干皮薄片状剥裂，幼枝有柔毛。叶卵形至卵状椭圆形，先端渐尖，基部圆形.疏生浅锯齿或近全缘，两面疏生短柔毛。花序具2花，2花萼筒下部合生，萼筒外密生长刚毛；花冠有粉红、桃红、浅紫色等，喉部黄色，有短柔毛，其中2片稍宽而短。果外有刺刚毛，萼片宿存。花期5～6月，果期8～9月。

【分布】产于我国中部及西北部。是国家三级重点保护树种。

【习性】喜光，耐阴，耐旱，较耐瘠薄，耐寒.喜温凉湿润的环境，对土壤要求不严，喜排水良好、湿润肥沃的沙壤土。

【繁殖】播种、扦插、分株繁殖。52猬实

【用途】树姿优美，花繁叶茂.果外被刚毛，形似刺猬，为著名的观花赏果灌木j宜丛植于草坪、角隅、建筑物周围，还可植为花篱、花台，也可盆栽或作切花材料：

Kolkwitzia amabilis, commonly called beautybush, is a member of the honeysuckle family. It is closely related to Weigela and Diervilla. It is primarily grown for its outstanding spring flowers. It is a deciduous shrub that typically grows 6-10’ tall with an arching, vase-shaped habit. Bell-shaped, pink flowers with yellow throats appear in clusters (corymbs to 3” wide) in a profuse mid-spring bloom (late April to early May in St. Louis). Flowers are followed by capsule-like fruits that usually persist on the plants. Broad-ovate dark green leaves (to 3” long) turn an undistinguished yellow in fall. Exfoliating bark on mature stems provides some winter interest.
Genus name honors Richard Kolkwitz (b. 1873), professor of botany in Berlin c. 1900.

Specific epithet means lovely.

【形态】：落叶灌木。茎直立，嫩枝密被绒毛，小枝灰褐色。叶多为菱状卵形，长3～150px，先端有时3浅裂，基部楔形，边缘有缺刻。花单生叶腋，钟状，直径5～200px，单瓣或重瓣，有白、粉、红、紫等色，雄蕊多数，心皮多数，螺旋状排列于延长花托上。蒴果卵圆形，直径50px，有短缘，密被星状绒毛；种子熟时黑褐色。花期6～9月，果10～11月成熟。。

【分布】我国特有树种，分布于我国长江流域各省区，各地广为栽培。

【习性】喜光，喜温暖湿润气候和深厚、富于腐殖质的酸性土壤，稍耐阴和低温，适应

性强，不耐水湿。萌蘖力强，耐修剪。抗烟尘和有害气体能力强。

【繁殖】常用扦插繁殖，播种、压条亦可。

【用途】枝繁叶茂，夏、秋开花，满树花朵，花大有香气，花期长，为良好园林观赏树种。韩国国花。

Hibiscus syriacus is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae, native to much of Asia (though not, as Linnaeus thought, Syria, in spite of the name he gave it). Common names include rose of Sharon (especially in North America), Syrian ketmia or rose mallow (United Kingdom) and St Joseph's rod (Italy).

【形态】落叶灌木，高2m。枝干丛生开展，有枝刺，紫褐或黑褐色；冬芽小，红色无毛。单叶互生，叶卵状椭圆形，先端尖，有不规则尖锐锯齿；托叶大，肾形或半圆形。花3～5朵簇生，单瓣或重瓣，先叶后花或花叶同放，猩红色、绯红、淡红或白色，花梗极短，紧贴于枝干，得名贴梗海棠。梨果球形至卵形，黄绿色，有芳香。花期3～4月，9～10月果熟。

【分布】原产中国陕西、甘肃、云南、贵州、四川I、广东等省区，缅甸也有。现南北各地均有栽培。

【习性】喜光，稍耐阴，耐旱，忌水湿。喜温暖，也耐寒，对温度反应很敏感，同一地方，栽在背风向阳的比背阴处要提前4～6天开花。对土壤的要求不严。华北地区能露地过冬。根部有很强的萌生能力，耐修剪。

【繁殖】分株、扦插、压条、播种、嫁接法繁殖。

【用途】树姿婆娑，株丛呈半圆形，常先叶开花，或伴有少量的嫩叶，花色艳丽、株形优美，烂漫。

Not to be confused with Carica papaya, papaya, which, like Chaenomeles speciosa, is sometimes called mugua.

Not to be confused with Pseudocydonia sinensis, which, like C. speciosa, is sometimes called mugua and Chinese quince.

Chaenomeles speciosa (commonly known as flowering quince, Chinese quince, or Japanese quince, or as zhou pi mugua in traditional Chinese medicine) is a thornydeciduous or semi-evergreen shrub native to eastern Asia. It is taller than another commonly cultivated species, C. japonica, usually growing to about 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The flowers are usually red, but may be white or pink, and the fruit is a fragrant but hard pome that resembles a quince.

【形态】：高达2m。枝开展，小枝弯曲，幼时绿色，老时暗黄褐色或暗红褐色；鳞芽卵形紫褐色。奇数羽状复叶，小叶近无柄，披针形至卵状披针形，有尖锐重锯齿，两面近无毛，羽状脉；托叶卵状披针形至三角状披针形。花白色，顶生圆锥花序大，总花梗和花梗均被星状毛或短柔毛，果期逐渐脱落；萼裂片三角状卵形，先端急尖。果梗直立，蓇葖果长圆形。花期5～7月，果期9～10月。。

【分布】原产亚洲北部，河北、山，西、山东、河南、内蒙古均有分布，现各地栽培。

【习性】喜光又耐阴，性强健，不择土壤，有一定的耐寒性。生长迅速，萌蘖性强，耐修剪。

【繁殖】播种、扦插及分株繁殖。

【用途】花蕾圆形、洁白如珍珠，花开似梅，故此得名。花期长，开时正值少花季节，尤其是其具极强的耐阴性，在避阳之处，仍能生机蓬勃，正常开花。枝叶茂密，姿态秀丽；花序恰似雪球，堪称花叶并美。丛植、散植颇为理想。也是制作桩景和切花的优良材料。

Sorbaria sorbifolia, called Ural false spirea, is a coarse, suckering, deciduous shrub which typically grows 5-8' tall (less frequently to 10') and as wide. Features tiny white flowers in dense, terminal, pyramidal panicles (to 10" long) in early summer. Compound, odd-pinnate, deep green foliage resembles that of mountain ash (Sorbus) to which it is related.

Genus name is derived from the genus name of a related rose family member calledSorbus (mountain ash) in probable reference to the similarity of the leaves.

Specific epithet means with leaves like the genus Sorbus.

【形态】乔木，栽培常呈灌木。单叶互生，近圆形，叶端急尖，叶基心形，全缘。花紫191紫荆红色，4～10朵簇生于老枝上。荚果，沿腹线有翅。花期4月，叶前放开；果期10月。

【变种】白花紫荆f.alba P.S.Hsu，花纯白色。

【分布】分布于湖北西部、辽宁南部、河北、陕西、河南、甘肃、广东、云南、四川等地区。

【习性】性喜光，有一定耐寒性。萌蘖力强，耐修剪。

【繁殖】播种、分株、扦插、压条等法繁殖，而以播种为主。

【用途】先花后叶，紫花满枝干，艳丽可爱。叶片心形，园整而有光泽，光影相互掩映。可丛植庭院、建筑物前及草坪边缘，适宜与常绿之松柏配植为前景或植于墙前或岩石旁。

Cercis chinensis, the Chinese redbud (simplified Chinese: 紫荆; traditional Chinese: 紫荊; pinyin: Zĭjīng) is a plant of the Fabaceae family native to China and Japan that grows between 150 to 1,400 metres (490 to 4,590 ft) above sea level.

【学名】Rosa xanthina Lindl

【别名】刺枚花、黄刺莓、破皮刺玫，

【科属】蔷薇科、蔷薇属

【识别特征】落叶丛生灌木，高2～3m。小枝褐色或褐红色，具硬直扁刺，无刺毛。奇数羽状复叶，小叶常7～13枚，近圆形或椭圆形，边缘有钝锯齿；托叶小，下部与叶柄连生，先端分裂成披针形裂片，边缘有腺体，近全缘。花单生，黄色，单瓣或重瓣，无苞片。花期4～6月。蔷薇果球形，红黄色，果期7～8月。

【分布与习性】原产东北、华北至西北，现各地广为栽培。喜光，稍耐阴，耐寒力强。对土壤要求不严，耐干旱和瘠薄，在盐碱二}：中也能生长，不耐涝。根系强大，萌芽力强，抗病能力较强。

【繁殖与栽培】可用分株、扦插、压条繁殖，多用分株法繁殖。分株于早春萌芽前进行，先将枝条重剪，然后掘起植株，将根劈开栽植即可。移植时须带土坨，栽后加强肥水管理。花后将残花和过老枝条适当重剪，以利更新。黄刺玫栽培管理粗放，病虫害较少。

【观赏与应用】黄刺枚株丛较大，绿叶黄花，鲜艳夺目，且花期较长，是北方春末夏初重要的观赏花木。可孤植，也可于草坪、林缘、路边丛植，也可作绿篱及基础种植。其花浓香，可提取芳香油：果可食，可制果酱及果酒；茎皮纤维是纸浆及纤维板的制作原料。花、果入药，有理气活血、调经健脾之功效。

【形态】落叶灌木或小乔木，高可达4～5m。树皮灰褐色，有沟裂。枝条粗壮，无毛。单叶对生，叶阔卵形，基部心形，全缘，通常宽大于长，宽5～cm。圆锥花序，花序发自侧芽，长6～375px；花萼钟状，有4齿；花冠紫色、蓝紫色或淡粉红色，端4裂开展，花筒长1～37.5px，芳香。蒴果长圆形，顶端尖，平滑，黄褐色，背裂。花期4月，果8～9月成熟。

【变种】

(1)白丁香var.alba Rehd.，花白色，叶片较小，叶背微有柔毛。香气浓。

(2)紫萼丁香(毛紫丁香)var.giraldii Rehd.，叶先端长渐尖，叶背有柔毛，花序轴和花萼蓝紫色。

(3)湖北紫丁香var.hupehensis Pamp，叶卵形，基部楔形，花紫色；仅产湖北。

(4)佛手丁香var.plena Hort.，花白色，重瓣。

【分布】原产中国华北地区。

【习性】喜光，稍耐阴；耐寒，耐旱，适应性强；喜湿润肥沃排水良好的土壤，忌涝；不耐高温。萌芽力强，抗污染性强，也具有滞粉尘的能力，分泌的丁香酚能杀灭细菌。

【繁殖】繁殖可用播种、分株、压条、嫁接、扦插等方法。

【用途】丁香是中国特有的名贵花木，已有1000多年的栽培历史。宋代周师厚在《洛阳花木记》(1082年)中，就已有丁香的栽培繁殖是“接种俱可”的记载。由于抗污染性强，并能分泌丁香酚杀菌，宜广植于庭园、厂矿、居民区等绿地中；也可多种丁香配植成专类园，形成美丽、清雅、芳香，花开不绝的景观。丁香是西宁、呼和浩特、哈尔滨、石嘴山等市的市花。

Leaves: Ovate-orbicular to reniform, often slightly wider than long, measuring 2.5-10 (occasionally up to 14) cm x 2.5-8 (occasionally 15) cm.Leaves range from glabrous to pubescent, villous, or glabrescent (losing hairs with age). Base is truncate to subcordate or broadly cuneate, with an abruptly acute to long acuminate apex. Leaves colour well in fall, often turning to shades of red in autumn.

Flowers: Panicles are lateral, congested, lax, or erect, and measure 4 - 16 (occasionally as much as 20) cm x 3 - 8 (occasionally 10) cm. Pedicel to 3 mm in length, and may be either pubescent or glabrous. Corolla is about 1.3 cm long and 1.7 cm across, and ranges from purple to lilac, and occasionally white; tube is subcylindric, and measures 0.6 - 1.7 (occasionally up to 2.2) cm in length. Calyx is slightly glandular.Lobes are oblong to obovate-orbicular or ovate-orbicular and measure 4 - 8 (occasionally 10) mm, spreading. Anthers are yellow, inserted in corolla tube to 4 mm from the mouth. Flowers appear earlier than any other species of Syringa, from April to May and June.

Fruit: Smooth obovate-elliptic to ovate or oblong-lanceolate capsule measures 0.7 - 1.5 (rarely 2) cm.

【形态】：落叶丛生灌木，在暖地叶半常绿，高达3m。小枝近方形。叶半革质，椭圆状卵形至卵状披针形，长7～375px，叶端渐尖，叶基圆形或广楔形，叶表有硬毛，叶背光滑。花单生，径约62.5px，花被外轮蜡黄色，中轮有紫色条纹，有浓香。果托坛状；小瘦果种子状，栗褐色，有光泽。花期12月至次年3月，远在叶前开放；果8月成熟。

【变种】

(1)狗牙蜡梅(狗蝇梅)var.intermediusMak.，花小，香淡，花瓣狭长而尖，中心花瓣呈紫色。

(2)素心蜡梅var.concorMak.，花被片纯黄色，花径2.6～75px，香味稍淡。

(3)磬口蜡梅var.grandifcmak.，花较大，径3～87.5px，花被片近圆形，深鲜黄色，红心；花期早而长。叶也较大，长可达500px。

(4)小花蜡梅var.parvifrusTurrill，花特小，径长不足lcm，外轮花被片淡黄色，内轮花被片具紫色斑纹。

【分布】产于湖北、陕西等省，现各地有栽培。

【习性】喜光，也能耐阴，较耐寒，耐旱(素有“旱不死的蜡梅”之说)，怕风，忌水湿，宜种在向阳避风处。忌黏土和盐碱土；病虫害较少，但对二氧化硫气抵抗力较弱。蜡梅发枝力强，耐修剪，有“蜡梅不缺枝”之说。树体寿命较长，达百年以上。

【繁殖】常用播种、分株、压条、嫁接等方法繁殖。

【用途】蜡梅花黄似蜡，在寒冬银装素裹的时节，气傲冰雪，冒寒怒放，清香四溢，是颇具中国园林特色的冬季典型花木。一般以自然式的种植方式，配置于园林或建筑人口处两侧、厅前亭周、墙隅、草坪、水畔、道路之旁。蜡梅与南天竹配置，隆冬呈现“红果、黄花、绿叶”交相辉映的景色，是江南园林很早就采用的手法。蜡梅可作冬季切花、盆栽观赏。

Chimonanthus (wintersweet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Calycanthaceae, endemic to China. It is also grown in Iran, called "ice flower" and probably imported from China. The genus includes three to six species depending on taxonomic interpretation; three are accepted by the Draft Flora of China. The name means winter flower in Greek.

They are deciduous or evergreen shrubs growing to 2–13 m tall. The leaves are opposite, entire, 7–20 cm long and 3–7 cm broad. The flowers are 2–3 cm wide, with numerous spirally-arranged yellow or white tepals; they are strongly scented, and produced in late winter or early spring before the new leaves. The fruit is an elliptic dry capsule 3–4 cm long.

【形态】落叶灌木；枝条柔软可弯曲，通常三叉状，被绢状长柔毛，棕红色。叶互生，常簇生枝端，阔披针形，被细毛。头状花序顶生，花黄色，芳香，花被筒状，外被绢状绒毛。核果卵形，两端有柔毛。花期3～4月，先叶开放。

【分布】原产于中国，分布于河南、陕西以及长江流域等地。

【习性】喜干燥、半阴及温暖环境，稍耐寒，耐旱怕涝，以肥厚疏松、排水良好的沙质壤土为佳。

【繁殖】常用扦插及分株方法繁殖，以分株为主。

【用途】结香枝条柔软，可弯曲打结，常丛植于庭院、路边、树丛边或街头绿地及小游园内，也可盆栽观赏，其茎皮纤维为高级造纸原料，全株可人药。

Edgeworthia chrysantha (common names: Oriental Paperbush, Mitsumata) is a plant in the Thymelaeaceae family.

The genus was named in honour of Michael Pakenham Edgeworth (1812–1881), an Irish-born Victorian era amateur botanist, who worked for the East India Company, and for his sister, writer Maria Edgeworth. The species name chrysantha derives from the Greek chrusos meaning 'golden' and 'anthos' meaning flower, due to the gold coloured flowers.

【形态】半常绿灌木，高3m。枝干细直光滑，淡红至灰白色，质坚而脆。分枝多，近轮生，小枝和叶被棕色糙毛。叶纸质全缘，椭圆状卵形或倒卵形，春叶阔而薄，长3～125px，夏叶小而厚。2～6朵总状花序顶生，花冠宽漏斗形，5裂，长宽约100px，红至深红色；雄蕊10枚，花药紫色；花柱伸出花冠之外。蒴果卵圆形，密被毛。花期4～6月，果期9～10月。。

【分布】分布范围广，河南、山东以南均产。本种有许多栽培品种，花色上有白、红、粉红、紫、朱红、洋红等，花瓣有单瓣、重瓣之别。

【习性】喜气候凉爽、土壤疏松肥沃酸性的环境。耐热不耐寒，耐瘠薄不耐积水。

【繁殖】可分株、压条、扦插、播种等方法繁殖。

【用途】：花色红艳灿烂，适用于园林坡地、花境、花坛、花篱及盆栽等。1850年由RobertFortune引入欧洲，是目前普遍栽培“比利时杜鹃”的亲本之一。

Rhododendron simsii (杜鵑) is a rhododendron species native to East Asia, where it grows at altitudes of 500–2700 meters. It is a shrub that grows to 2 m in height, with leaves that are ovate, elliptic-ovate or obovate to oblanceolate, 1.5–5 by 0.5–3 cm in size. Flowers range from white to dark red.

The species is common in Hong Kong. It is also distributed in Areas south of Yangtze in China as well as in Vietnam and Thailand.

Its specific name commemorates John Sims (1749-1831) who was the first editor of "Magazine Botanique".

【学名】Spiraea bumalda‘Gold flame’

【科属】蔷薇科、绣线菊属

【识别特征】落叶小灌木，株高50～60cm，冠幅60～90cm，叶卵状披针形(图9．27)。叶色随季节变化而变化，4月中旬后老叶呈金黄色，新叶仍为红色，夏季叶色转绿或黄、绿花叶垂_新叶为淡红色，8月中旬开始叶色仍为红黄相间，11月中旬霜降后叶片变成红色，12月中旬开始落叶。色叶期近6个月。花玫瑰红色，10～35朵聚成复伞形花序。花径5cm，花期从5月中旬至10月中旬，长达5个月。开花4～6次，每次15～20d。生长季剪截新梢后，过20～25d又在分枝上开花，可利用这一特性人为调整开花数。

栽培品种还有如下几个。

金山绣线菊(s．bumalda‘Gold Mound’)，落叶小灌木，高度仅30～40cm。枝细长而有角棱。叶菱状披针形，长l～3cm，叶缘具深锯齿，叶面稍感粗糙(图9．28)。春天发芽时，新叶小时为红色，展开后渐变为淡黄绿色，秋叶霜打后变红，长江以南落叶期在12月初。花期6～10月份，伞形总状花序，粉红色。北京、上海、南京、洛阳等地都有引种栽培。金山绣线菊是良好的地被灌木，花期长，叶色美丽，群植效果特别好，夏季金黄，秋季火红，可作公路绿化隔离带。也可列植于园路两侧或孤植于草坪边缘，十分可爱。

李叶绣线菊(S．sprunifolia)，又名笑靥花。萌蘖枝多，小枝细长，叶如李叶。花白色，花朵平展，中心微凹似笑靥，故得名。花期3～4月份。可作观花地被。

中华绣线菊(S．chinensis)，小枝红褐色被黄色绒毛，叶菱状卵形至倒卵形，背面有黄色绒毛，小花白色，花期夏秋。植株较高，作地被时，必须修剪控制高度。

麻叶绣线菊(S．cantoniensis)，又名麻叶绣球。小枝暗红色，有条状剥离。叶菱状披针形。花白色，伞形花序，花期4--5月份，花叶同时开放。植株较高，作地被时，必须修剪控制高度。

【分布与习性】原产美国，现中国各地广为栽培。喜光，不耐阴。喜深厚、肥沃、排水良好的壤土，不耐水湿，耐干旱。对土壤酸碱度要求不严。

【繁殖栽培】多采用扦插繁殖。硬枝扦插于春季未萌芽前进行，嫩枝扦插于6～9月份进行，扦插成活率高。冬季枯叶后，即进行修剪，植株大小控制在30 cm×30cm左右，既矮化植株，又复壮树势。

【观赏成用】叶色有丰富的季相变化，且花期长，花量多，是花叶俱佳的新优彩叶地被。可单株修剪成球形，或群植作色块，或作花镜、或岩石花坛的嵌植植物。

Spiraea japonica, commonly called Japanese spirea, is a dense, upright, mounded, deciduous shrub that typically grows 4-6’ tall with a slightly larger spread. Leaves (to 3” long) are oval and sharply-toothed. Tiny pink flowers in flat-topped clusters (corymbs) cover the foliage from late spring to mid-summer, with sparse and intermittent repeat bloom sometimes occurring. Flowers are attractive to butterflies.

Genus name comes from the Greek word speira meaning wreath in reference to the showy flower clusters seen on most shrubs in the genus.

Specific epithet means of Japan, which is part of its native range.

'Bumalda' typically grows to 2-3' tall and to 3-5' wide. White to deep pink flowers in flattened corymbs appear in a showy bloom from late spring to mid-summer. New foliage emerges with pinkish-purple tinting in spring, matures to dark green by summer and finally turns purplish-bronze in fall. Synonymous with Spiraea x bumalda. Cultivar name honors Ovidio Montalbano (1601-1671) of Bologna, Italy. He used the pseudonym Johannus Antonius Bumaldus when publishing his Bibliotheca botanica (1657).

【形态】落叶灌木；枝条血红色，无毛，初时常被白粉。叶对生，卵形或椭圆形，全缘，两面均疏生贴生柔毛。伞房状聚伞花序顶生，花小，黄白色。核果斜卵圆形，成熟时白色或稍带蓝紫色：花期5～6月，果8～9月成熟。

【分布】产于东北、内蒙古及河北、山东、江苏、陕西等地，朝鲜、西伯利亚亦有分布。

【习性】喜光，性强健，耐寒性强，也耐湿热，喜较湿润土壤，浅根性，萌芽力强：

【繁殖】可采用播种、扦插、分株及压条等法繁殖。

【用途】红瑞木茎枝终年鲜红色，秋叶也为鲜红色，并有银边、黄边等变种，可丛植于庭园草坪、建筑物前或常绿树问.也可栽作自然式绿篱，还可植于河边、湖畔及堤 岸上护岸同土，其种子可食用或供_丁业用。

Cornus alba (red-barked, white or Siberian dogwood) is a species of flowering plant in the family Cornaceae, native to Siberia, northern China and Korea. It is a largesurculose shrub that can be grown as a small tree. As a popular ornamental used in landscaping its notable features include the red stems in fall (autumn) through late winter, the brightest winter bark of any cornus; and the variegated foliage in some cultivars, such as C. alba 'elegantissima', in which the discreet flat whitish flower clusters are almost lost in the variegated texture and dappled light. C. alba can grow to 3 m (10 ft) high, but variegated forms are less vigorous. For the brightest winter bark, young shoots are encouraged by cutting to the ground some older stems at the end of the winter, before leaves are open.